Solar energy is one of the most accessible and promotable clean energy sources among current renewable energy types. As the primary form of solar energy utilization, photovoltaic power generation plays a crucial role in addressing global climate change, haze control, energy conservation and emission reduction, and energy transition.
Photovoltaics (PV) is the abbreviation of solar photovoltaic power generation system. It is a new type of power generation system that utilizes the photovoltaic effect of solar cell semiconductor materials to directly convert sunlight radiation energy into electrical energy, with two operation modes: independent operation and grid-connected operation.
PV agriculture, also known as "agri-photovoltaics", is not limited to photovoltaics but also includes solar thermal energy. It refers to a new type of agriculture that extensively applies solar power generation technology to modern agricultural fields such as crop cultivation, irrigation, pest and disease control, and power supply for agricultural machinery. Its main forms include PV-powered irrigation, PV-integrated greenhouses, PV-supported aquaculture, and PV-based farms.
"PV + Agriculture" is an emerging agricultural model. It not only solves the power supply problem required for water extraction, irrigation, and mechanical power but also avoids land competition between the PV industry and agriculture. Additionally, the surplus electricity can be sold to the national power grid.
At present, PV agriculture mainly has four major models: PV-integrated planting, PV-supported aquaculture, PV-powered water conservancy, and PV-equipped rural houses. These models can be further divided into sub-types such as mushroom cultivation with PV, "fish-light complementation" (aquaculture combined with PV), vegetable (fruit) cultivation with PV, livestock (animal husbandry) breeding with PV, forestry combined with PV, medicinal herb cultivation with PV, ecological PV, and PV-powered water conservancy.
Amid the current wave of rapid development in the PV industry, PV agriculture plays an important role and boasts broad development prospects.
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